Treatment Of Tenosynovitis: What Are The Options?

The treatment of tenosynovitis is one of the most common tasks in traumatology. Along with tendinitis, this is one of the most common diseases of the tendons.

Tendons are a type of fibrous tissue that connects muscles and bones to the body. They are essential to control the movement of different parts of the body.

This pathology has a high prevalence, not only in the case of athletes, but also of the general population. Early treatment of tenosynovitis is essential to prevent the affected tendon from losing its function.

What is tenosynovitis?

Tenosynovitis consists of inflammation of the synovial lining, an area that covers and protects the tendons. Under normal conditions, this structure produces synovial fluid that keeps the tendon lubricated.

When an injury occurs, it can alter fluid production. The sheath itself also becomes inflamed. Both events, which cause the appearance of tenosynovitis, make the tendon not work as it should, losing its mechanical utility.

Damage to any tendon can result in a lack of mobility. For example, if a tendon that is part of the shoulder joint is injured, it is unlikely that the arm can be moved. In addition, the affected individual may experience intense pain during movement.

Causes of tenosynovitis

The truth is that this pathology has many etiologies or causative agents. In general, doctors distinguish between acute and chronic tenosynovitis, depending on its duration. Tenosynovitis causes pain on palpation, as well as limitation of movement.

It is important to emphasize that, as we mentioned at the beginning, the disease does not only affect athletes. In fact, anyone can suffer from this pathology. However, a large proportion of cases do occur in individuals who constantly perform repetitive movements.

The same thing happens when it comes to extended positions, such as sitting in a chair at the office for a long time. In some cases, tenosynovitis can be caused by calcium deposits, gout or even large amounts of cholesterol.

Tenosynovite Quervain is one of the best known types. This affects the tendons of the wrist joint involved in the movement of the thumb. In some people, this condition can be the result of an infection.

Treatment of tenosynovitis: what are the options?

The treatment of tenosynovitis varies mainly depending on the cause behind it. The goal is to reduce pain and inflammation. Therefore, the first step that patients should take is to rest.

It is best to avoid moving the affected area as much as possible. In some cases, doctors immobilize the area with splints or bandages. Also, medical treatment often involves the use of anti-inflammatory drugs.

For example, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, are a common form of treatment. If the pain does not go away, doctors can even resort to an infiltration with corticosteroids. Applying cold compresses helps relieve inflammation. When the cause of the disease is an infection, treatment of tenosynovitis will also include specific antibiotics.

An article published by Manuela Bertrán University explains that transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is an option in cases of Quervain tenosynovitis. It is a technique that focuses on relieving pain.

Another study conducted by Frontera University states that the use of extracorporeal shock waves relieves the inflammation that occurs in this process. Both are new techniques that represent an important step in the treatment of tenosynovitis.

Other recommendations for the treatment of tenosynovitis

Basic treatment of tenosynovitis may improve the situation, but recovery may not be complete. In many cases, recovery and physical therapy are needed to strengthen the area. Weaknesses are harmful, especially for athletes who need to return to training and regular activity.

In fact, recovery and physical therapy also help prevent future injuries. In some cases, the pathology may become recurrent and the only alternative is surgery. Surgical approaches vary and it is up to the orthopedic surgeon to choose the method that best suits each case. In general, there is a trend towards arthroscopes based on small incisions, which leave a minimal scar and have a very low impact on the tissues.

Prevention of tenosynovitis

Although the causes vary, there are general measures to prevent tenosynovitis. It is important to avoid repetitive movements in everyday life. It is also important to strengthen our muscles to improve joint stability.

Warming up before sports and adapting training to individual abilities are essential to reduce the chances of injury. Overloading the body is a hidden factor behind many traumas that lead to painful consequences.

To prevent damage to the tendons due to an infection, it is essential to take into account proper hygiene and wound healing. If there are signs of microbial colonization, you should consult a doctor immediately.